The purpose of the disposable coverall is to protect individuals from the chemical, physical and biological hazards that may be encountered during the handling of hazardous substances. Because it typically provides users with 360 degrees of protection, the coverall can provide a higher-level safety guard comparing with medical gowns.

Coveralls are loose-fitting garments that cover the whole body except for the hands and feet. Coveralls are commonly made of non-woven fabric that allows heat and sweat to leave the body while preventing liquids and aerosols from entering it. The interfaces on the suit, including the zipper, cuffs, and the edge of the hood or collar, are made liquid-tight to prevent leakage. Cuffs, hood and collar interfaces can be elastic or liquid-tight seals. In addition, the zipper area can have fabric flaps that cover them or be specially made as liquid-tight zipper assemblies.